Sravakadharmasutra
Sravakadharmasutra
Precepts on householders’s Religion 关于百姓个宗教
Sampattadamsanai, paidiyaham jaijana sunei ya.
Samayarim paramam jo, khalu tam savagam bimti. (301)
He is called a Sravaka (householder) who, being endowed with right faith, listens every day to the preachings of the monks about right conduct. (301)
一个拥有正确个信仰、每日聆听僧侣关于正确行为个教导个百姓就係Sravaka。
Pamcumvarasahiyam, satta vi visanai jo vivajjei.
Sammattavisuddhamai, so damsanasavao bhanio. (302)
A pious householder is one who has given up (eating) five udumbar-fruits (like banyan, Pipala, fig (Anjeer), kathumara and pakar), is free from seven vices and is called Darsana Sravaka, a man whose intellect is purified by right faith.(302)
一个虔诚个百姓唔食用五种食品-(banyan, Pipala, fig (Anjeer), kathumara 以及
pakar)，一个脱离着七种罪恶个人称为Darsana Sravaka。一个人个智慧能够由正
确个信仰得以净化。
Itthi juyam majjam, migavva vayane taha farusaya ya.
Dandafarusattamatthassa dusanam satta vasanaim. (303)
The seven vices are: (1) sexual intercourse with other than one’s own wife, (2) gambling, (3) drinking liquou (4) hunting, (5) harshness in speech, (6) harsh in punishment and (7) misappropriation of other’s property. (303)
七种罪恶係：1、同其他人个妻子交媾，2、赌博，3、饮酒，4、捕猎，5、秽言，6、
体罚，7、非法占有他人财产。
Mamsasanena vaddhai dappo dappena majjamahilasai.
Juyam pi ramai to tam, pi vannie paunai dose. (304)
Meat-eating increases pride, pride creates a desire for intoxicating drinks and pleasure in gambling; and thus springs up all aforesaid vices. (304)
食肉会引发傲慢，傲慢就会使人产生饮酒同赌博个欲望，咁样就会渐渐引发前面所
讲个罪恶。
Loiyasatthammi vi, vanniyam jaha gayanagamino vippa.
Bhuvi mamsasanena padiya, tamha na paumjae mamsam. (305)
Scriptures of other religions have described that sages moving in air have fallen to the ground on eating meat; therefore meat-eating should be avoided. (305)
其他宗教个典籍曾经描述过圣人因为食肉而係空中飞行时跌落係地上，因此，人们
唔应当食肉。
Mijjena naro avaso, kunai kammani nimdanijjam.
Ihaloe paraloe, anuhavai anamtayam dukkham. (306)
A person loses control over himself by drinking intoxicating liquors and commits manycensurable deeds. He experiences endless miseries both in this world and in the next. (306)
人们饮酒后就会失去对自己个控制并会犯下错事。咁样佢就会係此生同来生承受无
尽个痛苦。
Samvegajanidakarana, nissalla mamdaro vva nikkampa.
Jassa dadha jinabhatti, tassa bhayam natthi samsare. (307)
A person who has firm devotion towards Jina like the steady mountain Meru, inclination for renunciation and is free from defects of character (salya) will have no fear in this world. (307)
一个对Jina个虔诚似坚固个Meru山一样个人，向往同世俗世界脱离关系个人能够远
离性格个缺陷，并係咧个世界上毫无畏惧。
Sattu vi mittabhavam, jamha uvayai vinayasilassa.
Vinao tivihena tao, kayavvo desaviraena. (308)
Since even an enemy approaches a man of humility with friendliness, a house-holder must cultivate humility of three kinds: (in thought, speech and action). (308)
即使係敌人係接近平静之人时亦都会心怀友善，因此百姓必须培养三种平静（係思
想中，言语中同行为上）。
Panivahamusavae, adattaparadaraniyamanehim ca.
Aparimiicchao vi ya, anuvvauyaim viramanaim. (309)
Injury to living beings (himsa), speaking falsehood, taking away a thing which is not given (theft), secual enjoyment with other than one’s own wife (incontinence) and limitless desire for possession (parigraha)-abstinence from these acts are called (five) small vows. (309)
伤害生灵，讲大话，偷窃，同他人妻子交媾，对财富无止境个追求-对咧地行为个节
制成为五小誓言。
Bandhavahacchavicchee, aibhare bhattapanavucchee.
Kohaidusiyamano, gomanuyaina no kujja. (310)
One should not tie, injure, mutilate, load heavy burdens and deprive from food and drink any nimal or human being with a polluted mind by anger or other passions (these five) are the transgration (aticara) of the vow of Ahimsa. (310)
一个人唔应当讲大话、伤害、毁坏、向人地施加重压，心怀愤怒或者爱慕咁夺取其
他动物或者人类个食物同水，咧地都违背着Ahimsa个誓言。
Thulamusavayassa u, virai duccam, sa pamcaha hoi.
Kannagobhu alliya-nasaharana-kudasakkhijje. (311)
Refraining from major type of falsefood is the second vow; this major type of falsehood is of five kinds; speaking untruth about unmarried girls, animals and land, repudiating debts or pledges and giving false evidence. (311)
唔讲大话係第二个誓言；谎言主要分为五类；讲关于未婚女子、动物同土地个谎话，
掩饰债
务或者抵押品，作伪证。
Sahasa abbhakkhanam, rahasa ya sadaramamtabheyam ca.
Mosovaesayam, kudalehakaranam ca vajjijja. (312)
making a false charge rashly (or without consideration), divulging any one’s secret, disclosing the secrets confided to by one’s own wife, giving false advice and preparation of a false document or writing these should be avoided. (312)
轻易咁责怪他人，泄漏他人个秘密，揭露他人个秘密，比出虚假个建议，伪造文书
同作品，咧地都应当避免。
Vajjijja tenahada-takkarajogam viruddharajjam ca.
Kudatulakudamanam, tappadiruvam ca vavaharam. (313)
One should desist from: buying stolen property, inciting another to commit theft, avoiding the rules of government, use of false weights and measures adulteration and preparation to counterfeit coins and notes. (313)
人们应当避免：购买偷窃而来个财产，鼓动他人偷盗，违背政府法令，采用唔准确
个度量衡同使用伪造个硬币同票据。
ittariyapariggahiya parigahiyagamananangakidam ca.
Paravivahakkaranam, kame tivvabhilasam ca. (314)
One should refrain from having intercourse with a woman kept by a vagabond or with one looked after by none, from committin unnatural sexual act, from arranging another’s marriage (alternatively from marrying twice) and from intense desire for sexual act. (314)
人们应当避免同流浪个或者无人照料个女人交往，咁样就能避免唔必要个交媾，人
们亦都应当避免安排他人个婚姻以及对交媾个向往。
Viraya pariggahao, aparimiao anamtatanhao.
Bahudosasamkulao, narayagaigamanapamthao.
Khittai hirannai dhanai dupayai kuviyagassa taha.
Sammam visuddhacitto, na pamanaikkamam kujja. (315 & 316)
Persons should refrain from accumulation of unlimited property due to unquenchable thirst (i.e. greed) as it becomes a pathway to hell and results in numerous faults. A righteous and pure-minded person should not exceed the self-imposed limit in the acquisition of lands, gold, wealth, servants, cattle, vessels and pieces of furniture. (315 & 316)
人们唔应当因为自己个贪婪而唔断咁积累财务，咧将通向地狱并带来无尽个过失。
一个正直、纯粹个人应当限制自己对土地、黄金、财富、牲畜、船只以及财富个向
往。
Bhavijja ya santosam, gahiyamiyanim ajanamanenam.
Thovam puno na evan, gihinassamo tti cintijja. (317)
A person who has accepted the vow to limit the possessions should remain contented (with what he has). He should not think for himself, “This time I have resolved to possess a little (amount of property) unknowingly but in future I will not do that i. e. if it will be necessary I will accumulate more. (317)
一个遵守誓言个人应当满足于自己目前个财富。佢唔应当只考虑佢自己-我已经不知
不觉咁放弃着当前个财产，但係将来如果有可能个话我会积累更多。
Jam ca disaveramanam, anatthadandau jam ca veramanam.
Desavagasiyam pi ya, gunavvayaim bhave taim. (318)
Resolving not to ravel beyond the self-determined limits of ten directions (digvrata), refraining from purposeless activities (Anarthadandaviramanavrata) and resolving not to cross the fixed regional boundaries for the purpose of sensuous enjoyments (desavakasika) these are three gunavratas (i. e., the three meritorious vows). (318)
Gunavratas（三条有价值个誓言）係：唔超出自己划定个界限；唔做一地无目的个
行为；唔为着自己感观上个快乐而去跨越制定个界限
Uddhamahe tiriyam pi ya, disasu parimanakaranamiha padhamam.
Bhaniyam gunavvayam khalu, savagadhammammi virena. (319)
Lord Mahavira has said that the first Gunavrata in the religion of a householder is digvrata, accoring to which one should limit his activities (for the purpose of business and enjoyment of the senses, etc.) to certain regional boundaries in the upward, lower and oblique direction. (319)
Mahavira曾经讲过，百姓个宗教中首要个Gunavrata就係digvrata，根据佢个教义，
人们应当係一定个区域内限制自己个行为。
Vayabhangakaranam hoi, jammi desammi tattha niyamena.
Kirai gamananiyatti, tam jano gunavvayam vidiyam. (320)
Know that the second Gunavrata (desavakasika gunavrata) is not to visit any particular geographical region where there is possibility of voilation of an accepted vow (i. e. to cross the fixed regional boundaries for the purpose of sensuous enjoyment). (320)
第二个Gunavrata就係唔好去访问任何有可能发生暴力个地方（比如，穿越国界以
获取感官上个愉悦）
Virai anatthadande, taccam, sa cauvviho avajjhano.
Pamayayariya himsappayana pavovaese ya. (321)
The third gunavrata consists in refraining from a futile voilent act which might be one of the four-types, viz. (1) entertaining evil thought, (2) negligent behaviour, (3) lending to someone an instrument of violence and (4) advising someone to commit a sinful act. (321)
第三个gunavrata係于戒除细微个暴力行为，咧地暴力个行为可能有四种形态，1、
邪恶个想法，2、大意个行为，3、借比人地施暴个器械，4、建议人地实施罪恶个
行为。
Atthena tam na bamdhai, jamanatthenam tu thovabahubhava.
Atthe kalaiya, niyamaga na u anatthae. (322)
Meaningful activities (of himsa etc.) do not cause so much bondage as useless activities, The meaningful activities (of himsa etc.) are only performed under some circumstances (i.e. the needs of time etc.) but it is not the case of useless activities. (322)
有意义个行为唔会似无用个行为咁造成太多个束缚。有意义个行为只会係特定个情
况下产生，但係咧地并唔适用于无用个行为。
Kandappam kukkuiyam, mohariyam samjuyahigaranam ca.
Uvabhogaparibhoga-ireyagayam cittha vijjai. (323)
A person observing the vow of (Anarthanda viramana) should refrain from amorous activities, mimicry, abusive talk, garrulity, keeping instruments and weapons of violence, excessive sexual enjoyment and possessing in excess the things of daily requirement. (323)
能够遵循誓言个人应当戒除过多个动作、模仿、辱骂、饶舌、持有施暴个器械或者
武器，过多个色欲以及占有过多个财物。
Bhoganam parisamkha, samaiya-atihisamvibhago ya.
Posahavihi ya savvo, cauro sikkhau vuttao. (324)
Setting limit to the consumable and unconsumable objects of sensuous enjoyment, practising the mental equanimity (Samayika), offering food etc. to the monks, guests and other needy persons and performing fast along with the religious set called pausadha, all these are known as four disciplinary vows. (324)
限制使用各种满足色欲个物品，保持精神上个平静，向僧侣、客人以及其他需要个
人提供食物，迅速咁效法宗教行为，所有咧地都称为四大戒律誓言。
Vajjinamanamtagumbari, accamganam ca bhogao manam.
Kammayao kharakamma-iyana avaram imam bhaniyam. (325)
The first disciplinary vow (i. e. bhogapabhoga viramana) is of two types, viz., that in respect of enjoyment and that in respect of occupation. The former consists in refrainment from eating the infinite souled vegetables (i.e. bulbous roots), fruit containing microscopic organism which are called udumbaras and flesh etc., the second is refrainment from such trades and industries which involves violence and other sinful acts. (325)
第一个戒律誓言分为两类，一个係关于享乐，一个关于财产。前者係唔能食用太多
有灵魂个蔬菜（比如，球状根个蔬菜）以及带有微生物个水果；第二个戒律誓言係
应当戒除会导致暴力以及其他罪恶行为个贸易以及产业。
Savajjajogaparirakkhanattha, samaiyam kevaliyam pasattham,
Gihatthadhamma paraqmam ti nacca, kujja buho ayahiyam parattha. (326)
Aimed at refrainment from sinful acts, the only auspicious religious act is samayika. Hence considering it to be something superior to a householder’s ordinary acts, an intelligent person ought to perform samayika for the sake of one’s own welfare.(326)
为着戒除罪恶个行为，唯一吉祥个宗教活动就係samayika。因此，考虑到咧係高于
一般百姓寻常行为个活动，因此普通人为着自己个福祉应当samayika。
Samaiyammi u kae, samano iva savao havai jamha.
Eena karanenam, bahuso samaiyam kujja. (327)
While observing the vow of Samayika (i. e., refraining from sinful acts and practice for mental equanimity) a householder becomes equal to a saint; for reason, he should observe it many times (in a day). (327)
当遵守samayika个誓言个时候（比如戒除罪恶个行为，实现精神上个平静），寻常
人就会跟圣人一样；正因为如此，人们应当每日多次samayika。
Samaiyam ti kaum, paricimtam jo u cimtai saddho.
Attavasattovagao, niratthayam tassa samaiyam. (328)
If a householder thinks of other worldly matters (than his self) while practising samayika, he will become engrossed in distressful concentration; his samayika will be fruitless. (328)
如果一个人係履行samayika时想到世间个事物，咁佢就会陷入苦恼，佢个samayika
亦都会毫无 意义。
Aharadehasakkara-bambha vavaraposaho ya nam.
Dese savve ya imam, carame samaiyam niyama. (329)
Posadhopavas involves abstinence from food, from embellishment of the body, from sexual union and from violence. It is of two types, viz., partial and total and performing posadha of the latter type one must necessarily perform samayika. (329)
Posadhopavas需要节食，唔化妆，唔性交，唔施暴。佢分为两类，部分嘅同完全
嘅，后者需要履行samayika。
Annainam suddhanam, kappanijjana desakalajuttam.
Danam jainamuciyam, gihina sikkhavayam bhaniyam. (330)
A householder who offers pure food etc. to the monks in a proper manner and according to the rules and the needs of place and time, observes the fourth disciplinary vow (called Atithisamvibhaga). (330)
为僧侣有礼貌咁提供干净个食物，係规定个时间同地点遵守教条个百姓就遵守着第
四条戒律誓言。
Aharosaha-satthabhaya-bheo jam cauvviham danam.
Tam vuccai dayavvam, nidditthamuvasayajjhayane. (331)
Donation is of four types, viz., that of food, that of medicine, that of scriptural teaching, that of assurance against fear. And in the scriptural text `Upasakadhyayana’ this fourfold donation is declared worthy of performance. (331)
捐赠分为四类：捐赠食品，捐赠药品，捐赠典籍，提供担保。係“Upasakadhyayana”
个经文中，咧四类捐赠係高尚个行为。
Danam bhoyanamettam, dijjai dhanno havei sayaro.
pattapattavisesam, samdamsane kim viyarena. (332)
A householder, who gives food in charity becomes praise-worthy, what is the good of inquiring about the fitness or unfitness of the person receiving the charity? (332)
一个老百姓，能够心怀慈悲咁提供食物就係值得称颂嘅，一个能得到怜悯个人係几
咁幸福啊。
Sahunam kappanijjam, jam na vi dinnam kahim pi kimci tahim.
Dhira jahuttakari, susavaya tam na bhumjamti. (333)
The pious householders who are prudent and have good conduct as per scriptures, do not take food in a house where no charity of any kind is ever given to a monk. (333)
虔诚个百姓係谨慎嘅，而且有典籍上所描述个良好个行为，佢地唔会跟个地唔向僧
侣布施个房子中取食。
Jo munibhuttavisesam, bhumjai so bhumjae jinuvadittham.
Samsarasarasokkham, kamaso nivvanvarasokkham. (334)
He, who eats which is left after a monk has taken food, enjoys the best worldly happiness and will gradually obtain the bliss of emancipation. This is the preaching of the Jina. (334)
Jina讲，如果一个人能够吃到僧侣剩下个食物，就能够得到时间最大个欢乐，并会
逐渐得到
解脱个祝福。
Jam kirai parirakkha, niccam marana-bhayabhiru-jivanam.
Tam jana abhayadanam, sihamanim savvadananam. (335)
Know that giving protection always to living beings who are in fear of death is known as abhayadana, supreme amongst all charities. (335)
向受到死亡恐惧个生物提供保护就係abhayadana，佢係最高级别个慈悲。