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351. Know that person to be of
perverse belief and not of the Arhat (faith), who think is that the
self-same person who performs an action must have the effect (of that
action).
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352. One performs, and another
suffers or enjoys (the effect of that action). He who believes thus should
be known as a \wrong-believers, and not of the Arhat (faith).
Commentary.
Some persons believe the soul to be transient
an others say that tit is unchangeable. Both views as absolute are wrong.
Under such belief, no one will strive for freedom. Thought of impermanence
will made a man hopeless. The impossibility of change will make one
irresponsible. Both views are correct from their respective points.
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353. If the right-belief-deluding
Karma makes a soul a wrong believer, then the unconscious karmic matter,
according to thee, will certainly become the doer.
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354. If right-belief-deluding Karma
or right-belief clouded-with-slight-wrong-belief (Karma) makes the soul a
slightly-faulty-right-believer, then the unconscious Karmi matter,
according to thee, will certainly become the doer.
Commentary.
If the soul be taken as quite inactive, and
the impure activity of the soul be ascribed to change effect4d by material
Karma, then matter will be the active cause like a conscious being. This
is impossible. No one cancause any substance to modify if it has not the
capacity of modification.
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355. Or (if) this soul causes wrong
belief in material substance, then the material substance (ill become) a
wrong believer and not the soul.
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356. Or if the soul and Prakriti (Karmi
matter) cause matter-substance to be wrong belief, then being produced by
the two, both of them will bear the fruit of it.
Commentary
The proposition that soul and Karmic matter
combineduase matter-substance to turn into wrong belief, is also
untenable. The reason is that matter by its very nature of inertness is
incapable of sufferings any consequence, sinful or meritorious.
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357. Neither Prakriti (Matter) nor
soul causes the material substance to be wrong belief. Is it not certainly
wrong that material substance is wrong belief?
Commentary.
Again, if one propounds the theory that
neither soul nor Karma makes a matter substance to be modified into wrong
belief, his previous proposition that matter alone is wrong belief is
refuted.
Wrong belief here means the thought-activity,
which is the auxiliary cause of karmic matter being bound with the soul.
For the point of view of the soul, the primary cause of wrong belief is
the soul itself, i.e., its thought activity and the auxiliary cause is
matter. But from the material point of view, the bondage which we call
wrong belief is primarily matter and the soul�s thought activity is only
its auxiliary cause.
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358-361. And (if) by Karmas, (the soul) is
made ignorant; and also (is made) the knower by the Karmas, (and) it is
caused to sleep by the Karmas, and also it is awakened by the Karmas. By
the Karmas (the soul) is made happy, and similarly by the Karmas (it) is
made miserable. And by the Karmas only, (it) is brought to wrong-belief,
and also to Vowlessness. By the Karmas (it) is made to wander in the
upper, lower, and also in the middle universe, an also by the Karmas is
caused all good or bad whatever. The karma does the Karma gives and takes
away anything whatsoever; then all souls will become actionless.
Commentary.
According to the Sankhya system souls are
inactive, and Prakriti only is the active agent. The truth, however, is
that an impure soul invites impure thought activity. The operation of
material Karmas is merely an auxiliary cause. An inactive soul can never
be responsible for any action and can never enjoy the fruit of its action.